. Thanks for stopping by! 2010 3 May. The final conversion of the Armenian nation to Christianity did not take place until the third century A.D. St. Jude was the one who asked Jesus at the Last Supper why He would not manifest Himself to the whole world after His resurrection. During this period, John had distanced himself from Eleazar and the Zealots in order to avoid association with their tyrannical behavior and claim sole leadership. But heres what we know. But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. 5. James was far from any reliable historical writers or church historians but it is thought that he was beheaded by King Herod near Palestine and not far from where he was a local missionary to the Jews in Judea. According to most historians, Philips death was exceedingly cruel. Some scholars believe Josephus exaggerated the Zealots to keep the peace, blaming the war on a small Jewish sect and some bad Roman leaders. When he emerged unharmed, the entire coliseum converted to Christianity. Richard T. Ritenbaugh Although the Jewish defeat at Jerusalem cannot be entirely attributed to Eleazar ben Simon, his inability to establish unity with John of Gischala and Simon bar Giora resulted in a bitter civil war that weakened the Jewish resistance against Rome. You follow Me., whoever would be my disciple must follow after me, For I am already being poured out like a drink offering, and the time for my departure is near. The Zealots were associated with violent uprisings (including, later, the First Jewish-Roman War), and expected the coming Messiah to overthrow Rome using force. He was named Simon, son of Jonah or John. But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. In the West, Simon is said to have preached in Egypt, then traveled to Persia with Jude (who had been working in Mesopotamia) where they were both martyred. During his three years of ministry with Jesus, Simon the Zealot matured into an apostle empowered to spread the gospel in truth and love to all nations. 30 synonyms for Zealot: fanatic, enthusiast, extremist, militant, maniac, fiend, bigot, devotee . Following his victory against Cestius' forces, Eleazar was deposed from power in Jerusalem by the High Priest Ananus ben Ananus. I included Paul among the apostles since he was perhaps the greatest apostle and evangelist the world has ever known and most certainly deserves to be included among the apostles. Some versions of the Bible also call him Simon the Canaanite, which does not necessarily mean that he was from Cana, but rather that he was a zealous individual. ; Western feast day October 28, Eastern feas. The fall of Jerusalem also spurred a Jewish Diaspora throughout the ancient world because of enslavement and a large number of fleeing refugees. This must have meant that he was tilted to one side or the other and was not crucified vertically or horizontally. Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ad634ae32895f7a376e75c82b53fb88c" );document.getElementById("e218d56cc5").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Although this is pure speculation, it is certain that Eleazar ben Simon's inability to establish unity with Simon bar Gioras and John of Geschala during the period of the independent Jewish state severely exacerbated and expedited the fall of Jerusalem. Most historians, both secular and church, say that he was beheaded. Due their fear that Ananus would betray the nationalist cause and surrender to the Romans in order to solidify his position of power, the Idumeans invested their support in Eleazar and John's coalition in hopes of establishing a more radical government to counter the inevitable Roman attack. And I was delivered from the lions mouth. While there are numerous theories as to the cause of his death, the true circumstances remain shrouded in mystery. Days prior to the siege of Jerusalem, Eleazar ben Simon was betrayed by John of Gischala. Since 63 BCE, Roman garrisons stationed throughout Israel had exploited Jews with punitive taxation, exceeding the quota set by the Roman Empire and keeping the surplus revenues for themselves . Another says he was beheaded, stoned to death, crucified upside down or hanged. St. Jude Thaddeus is invoked in desperate situations because his New Testament letter stresses that the faithful should persevere in the environment of harsh, difficult circumstances, just as their forefathers had done before them. Matthew and Mark give him the titlekananaios, which most scholars believe comes from the Aramaic wordqanan, meaning zealous one.. SIMON THE CANAANITE; SIMON THE CANANAEAN; SIMON THE ZEALOT. Few pseudepigraphical writings were . The Bible reveals nothing significant about this apostle. By association with John, Eleazar inherited much of Josephus' hatred of his political partner and became a victim of harsh and bitter desecration in Bellum Judaicum. 10 - Simon the Zealot - bishop of Jerusalem after James; died of old age. One day Simon saw Jesus walking on water toward him; he thought Jesus must be an angel so he asked him to do what Simon had asked God to do for him earlier that dayto rescue him from drowningand Jesus obliged by telling Simon to get into his boat (Matthew 14:28-30). They argue that the conflicts between Jewish leaders rather than the views of the Zealots themselves are the reason for the collapse of Jerusalem and the defeat of the Jews. The name Judas the Zealot ( Judas Zelotes) is mentioned in the Epistle of the Apostles (Epistula Apostolorum), written in the 2nd century. Who were Jesus' twelve (12) disciples / apostles? ( Matthew 27:3-5) It was too late. And is not Galilee a hotbed of these messianic and nationalist rebels? Finally, two of Jesus' disciples were named Simon: Simon Peter and Simon the Zealot. Following the defeat of Eleazar's Zealots and subsequent destruction of the Temple, the lack of centralized worship created a spiritual vacuum within the Jewish community that was filled with the spread of synagogue as the center of Jewish life. This is the disciple that replaced Judas Iscariot (Acts 1:12-26) that betrayed Jesus and then hanged himself (Matthew 27:5). Some contend that he died as late as 493 AD when he was more than 100 years old. All that is known about his death is that he was also was crucified. The word apostle means one sent and so we can see that disciples and apostles are not the same thing. This post is also available in: If you step out of this life without Christ, then you have sealed your own fate and eternally separated yourself from God. Simon the Zealot (Luke 6:15, Acts 1:13) is also called Simon the "Canaanite" (Matthew 10:4, Mark 3:18). John The only one of the apostles generally thought to have died a natural death from old age. Appointed consul at Rome in 143, he was the first Greek to hold the rank of consul ordinarius, as opposed to consul suffectus. According to Josephus, John sent a party to the Zealot stronghold in the Temple to offer a sacrifice before the coming festival of Passover. [citation needed]. the Zealot movement that wanted a revolutionary overthrow of the occuying Romans. The knowledge of Peters death is widespread among secular and church historians. Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. As time passed, the perception of Eleazar ben Simon and the Zealots shifted from the tyrannical despot whom Josephus portrays to a dedicated leader with flawed tactics. Ancient. However, the New Testament records the death of only two of the apostles Judas Iscariot and James the son of Zebedee. Historical evidence of Eleazar arises in 66 CE, when he participated in crushing Cestius Gallus' Legio XII Fulminata at Beit-Horon. However, in 68 CE, John of Gischala, the hero who escaped Roman conquest in Galilee, joined forces with Eleazar ben Simon at Jerusalem and undermined the moderates' power. Judas was apparently killed as a result of his actions.. Apostles, And yet something we know is that Simon by his radical background would This is the apostle that is mentioned in John 21:20-23, Then Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also had leaned on His breast at the supper, and said, Lord, who is the one who betrays You? Peter, seeing him, said to Jesus, But Lord, what about this man? Jesus said to him, If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you? Generally speaking, a zealot is anyone who fervently supports a particular cause. In 66 CE, the Zealots instigated the First JewishRoman War when the high priest Eleazar b. Ananius refused to give sacrifice to the Roman Emperor and slaughtered Florus' Roman garrison in Jerusalem. As a result of this despotic leadership and their insufficient representation in the government, many Idumeans defected to a violent extremist group outside the city walls known as the Sicarii, led by Simon b. Gioras. It was there that he was staked or impaled to the earth by spears and then beheaded. We have one tantalizing bit of information about him, which has led to ongoing debates among Bible scholars. Yet Caligula's threat caused many of the moderate Jews to shift towards radical anti-Roman political views. As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, called Peter and his brother Andrew. Apostle Simon Listen to the heartbreaking last words of Paul as he awaited his execution in 2 Timothy 4:16-18: At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. Amen.. Simon was a member of the militant political movement called the Zealots. Simon would have considered Matthew a Jewish sell-out, a traitor to the cause of Israel. He suggests that the Zealots were a fourth which sprung up as a result of Judas influence and caused the problems which led to the First Jewish-Roman War: For Judas and Sadducus, who excited a fourth philosophick sect among us, and had a great many followers therein, filled our civil government with tumults at present, and laid the foundations of our future miseries, by this system of philosophy, which we before were unacquainted withal., Your email address will not be published. Although he had proven his devotion and leadership at Beit-Horon, Eleazar ben Simon was given no office "because of his tyrannical temperament" (B.J 2.564). This year was marked by bitter civil war between the three factions under Simon, John, and Eleazar. Contrary to the radical anti-Roman agenda of the Zealots, Ananus and the other moderate leaders of Jerusalem wished to stabilize the conflict and reach equilibrium with Rome. Simon as a Member of the Zealot Party . A party called Zealots were famous in the war of the Jews against the Romans. org/fathers/0524.htm>. And so he was tied to a cross which was hung in an X shape instead of a T shape. Simon the Zealot Also Known as: Simon the Cananaean; Simon the Canaanite; Simon Zelotes. 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